
Hazards
Wildfire Smoke and Evacuation Preparedness
How to protect your lungs from smoke, create a clean-air room, and be ready to leave on short notice.
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Quick answer
To prepare for wildfires, keep a go-bag by the door, sign up for local alerts, and know two ways out of your neighborhood. For smoke, use N95 or P100 respirators (cloth and surgical masks don't filter smoke particles), check air quality on AirNow.gov, and set up a clean-air room with a HEPA air purifier.
Be ready to leave fast
Wildfires can spread faster than people expect. Ready.gov recommends signing up for your community's warning system, knowing your evacuation routes, and leaving early if officials advise it. Don't wait for a mandatory order if you feel unsafe.
- Keep a packed go-bag for each person and pet near the door.
- Back your car into the driveway and keep the gas tank at least half full during fire season.
- Know at least two ways out of your neighborhood.
- Store important documents in a fireproof, waterproof container, or keep digital copies.
Protect your home
Create defensible space by clearing dry leaves, needles and debris from gutters, roofs and the area around your home. Move firewood and flammable items at least 30 feet away. Your local fire department can advise on rules for your area.
Protect your lungs from smoke
Wildfire smoke contains fine particles that can harm the heart and lungs, especially for children, older adults, pregnant people and anyone with asthma or heart disease.
- Check the air quality index for your ZIP code on AirNow.gov.
- When smoke is heavy, stay indoors with windows and doors closed.
- Use a well-fitted N95 or P100 respirator if you must go outside. Cloth masks and surgical masks do not protect against smoke particles.
- Avoid activities that add indoor pollution, such as frying food, burning candles or vacuuming.
Create a clean-air room
Choose a room where you spend the most time, often a bedroom. Close its windows and doors and run a portable HEPA air purifier sized for the room. If you have central air, set it to recirculate and use the highest-rated filter your system supports.
Our picks
Products we'd consider for our own kits, chosen for reputation and fit. We don't accept payment for placement. Prices and availability are set by Amazon sellers and change often.
- Best for: Smoke protectionView on Amazon: 3M Aura N95 Respirator (opens in a new tab)
3M Aura N95 Respirator
A comfortable, NIOSH-approved folding N95 that seals well for many face shapes.
- Best for: Clean-air roomView on Amazon: Coway Airmega AP-1512HH (opens in a new tab)
Coway Airmega AP-1512HH
A widely recommended true-HEPA purifier for bedrooms and living rooms.
- Best for: Smaller roomsView on Amazon: Levoit Core 300 Air Purifier (opens in a new tab)
Levoit Core 300 Air Purifier
A compact, budget-friendly HEPA purifier for a bedroom clean-air room.
- Best for: Grab-and-go documentsView on Amazon: SentrySafe Fireproof Waterproof Box (opens in a new tab)
SentrySafe Fireproof Waterproof Box
Protects papers you'd need after a fire.
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Open the Bunker Kit BuilderOfficial sources
This guide is general information based on public guidance from the agencies above. It is not medical or professional advice, and The Blackout Bunker is not affiliated with any government agency. Always follow instructions from local officials.
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