Flood Preparedness: Before, During and After

Know your risk

Flooding can happen almost anywhere, not just near rivers and coasts. Heavy rain, hurricanes, snowmelt and dam failures all cause floods. Look up your address on FEMA's flood maps and ask your local emergency management office about your risk.

Before a flood

• Get flood insurance. Policies through the National Flood Insurance Program usually take 30 days to take effect, so don't wait for a forecast.
• Store important documents in a waterproof container, and keep digital copies.
• Keep emergency supplies on a high shelf or upper floor.
• Move valuables and electronics off the floor in flood-prone areas.
• Clear gutters and drains, and consider flood barriers for doorways.

During a flood: Turn Around, Don't Drown

The National Weather Service's message is simple: never walk, swim or drive through flood water. Just 6 inches of moving water can knock you down, and 1 foot of moving water can sweep a vehicle away. Water may also hide washed-out roads, debris and downed power lines.

• Move to higher ground right away if told to, or if you see water rising.
• If trapped in a building, go to the highest level. Only go onto the roof if necessary, and signal for help.
• Don't go into a closed attic, where rising water can trap you.

After a flood

• Return home only when officials say it's safe.
• Stay out of flood water, which can contain sewage, chemicals and debris.
• Throw away food that touched flood water, and follow boil water notices.
• Wear gloves and boots during cleanup, and photograph damage before you clean.
• Watch for mold, which can grow within a day or two.